Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic ailments, Crohn�s disease and ulcerative colitis being the most important. These\ndiseases present an inflammatory profile and they differ according to pathophysiology, the affected area in the gastrointestinal tract,\nand the depth of the inflammation in the intestinal wall. The immune characteristics of IBD arise from abnormal responses of the\ninnate and adaptive immune system. The number of Th17 cells increases in the peripheral blood of IBD patients, while Treg cells\ndecrease, suggesting that the Th17/Treg proportion plays an important role in the development and maintenance of inflammation.\nThe purpose of this review was to determine the current state of knowledge on the immunological basis of IBD.Many studies have\nshown the need for further explanation of the development and maintenance of the inflammatory process.
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